中产阶级的政治参与、政党功能与政治稳定——结合《变革社会中的政治秩序》一书来谈

Political Involvement of the Middle Class,Functions of Political Parties and Political Stability

亨廷顿在《变革社会中的政治秩序》一书中指出,战后发展中国家的中产阶级要求参与政治以实现其利益和主张,但是在没有政治制度和组织保障的情况下,容易引起政治混乱甚至是暴力革命,而政党作为政治组织具有吸纳和同化政治参与、维护政治稳定的功能,因此发展中国家要实现既扩大中产阶级政治参与又保证政治稳定的目标,必须发挥政党的作用。亨廷顿关于中产阶级政治参与、政党功能与政治稳定关系的思考,对于今天中国在中间阶层崛起的背景下,如何加强党的建设、扩大中间阶层的政治参与、实现社会政治和谐具有重要启示意义。

Samuel Huntington points out in Political Order in Changing Society that after WWⅡ,the middle class in developing countries requested to achieve their interests and claims through political involvement.However,without guarantee from the political system and organizational mechanism,it is easy for them to incur political disorders or even violent revolution.Political parties,as a kind of political organizations,play an important role in integrating and assimilating political participation and maintaining political stability.Therefore,developing countries have to exert the functions of political parties to expand the political involvement of the middle class and maintain political stability at the same time.Huntington＇s theories on the relationship between the political involvement of the middle class,functions of political parties and political stability of developing countries are based on and tested by the political practice in developing countries,and have proven to be scientific and powerful in explanation.His thoughts have significant implications for strengthening the construction of the party,expanding the political involvement of the middle class and maintaining social and political harmony for the present-day China.