皖南圩区春节兴灯仪式与社会变迁

The Spring Festival Lantern Ritual and Social Changes of Polder Areas in South Anhui

清末以来,皖南圩区春节期间兴起玩灯习俗,主要有"龙灯"、"罗汉灯"和"马灯",并创造出一套独具地域特色的兴灯仪式,通行于不同灯种之间。兴灯包括"掺佐"、"圆场"、"开关"、"出灯"、"圆灯"先后五个部分,除具备封建性、音乐性、集体性和传承性等基本民俗特征外,还表现出民俗文化杂糅的特点。随着社会的变迁,皖南圩区春节兴灯仪式正面临着自然遗弃或自我丢失的状况,由此引发的传承危机是亟待解决的问题。

Since the late Qing Dynasty, the Spring Festival lantern ritual has been existing in polder areas in South Anhui, mainly including ＂Dragon Lantern＂, ＂Arhat Lantern＂ and ＂Barn Lantern＂. Local people have created a ceremony of various of lanterns with unique regional characteristics. The ritual has five parts： ＂Chanzuo＂, ＂Yuanchang＂, ＂Kaiguan＂, ＂ Chudeng＂ and ＂Yuandeng＂. The ritual is featured by folk cultural hybridity as well as others such as feudalism, musicality, collectivity and continuity. With the changes of society, the ritual is faced with an abandoned or lost state, so the crisis of succession is the problem to be solved urgently.