女性心脏手术患者出院后的疼痛描述及自我管理

Description of pain and self-management in the female patients with cardiac surgery after hospital discharge

目的探讨女性心脏手术患者出院后的术后疼痛及疼痛处理措施。方法对100例接受心脏手术的女性患者在出院后第14天进行电话回访,了解患者出院后的疼痛强度、疼痛类型、止疼药的用量以及疼痛对于每天睡眠的影响。结果 92%的女性患者在出院后2周内每天都会经历胸腔疼痛,这是可以预见的;在经历胸腔疼痛的同时有50%的女性患者在出院后1周内会伴随颈部、肩部和背部的疼痛,但这些部位的疼痛可预见性小,因而对患者影响更大。结论女性患者在心脏手术出院后会经历中等或更为严重的疼痛,但患者很少按医嘱服药。提前出院患者对疼痛的自我护理普遍认识不足,在规范使用止痛药物控制疼痛的问题上患者需要更多的指导。

Objective To explore the solutions and measures for the postoperative pare in the female patients with cardiac surgery after hospital discharge. Method 100 female patients un- derwent cardiac surgery were investigated with telephone follow- up on the fourteenth day after discharge. Pain degree, pain type, amount of anodyne and influence of pain on daily sleep were observed. Results 92 patients had pain in the chest every day within two weeks after discharge, and it was predictable; half of the 92 patients had pain in the neck, shoulders and back within one week after discharge. The pain in these positions was hard to predict, so it could cause additional impact on patients. Conclusion The female patients with cardiac surgery are prone to be affected with moderate or revere pain after discharge, and rare patients will take medicine according to doctor＇s advice. Insufficient understanding of self - nursing on pain was generally existed among patients with early discharge, and these patients are in need of more specific guidance on the normalized application of anodyne and control of pain.