环渤海湾地区甜樱桃小果病毒及樱桃病毒A的鉴定与调查

Identification and investigation of Little cherry virus and Cherry virus A on sweet cherry around Bohai bay

为了解环渤海湾地区甜樱桃[Cerasus avium(Linn.)Moench]中樱桃病毒的发生情况,选取该地区代表性樱桃示范园中甜樱桃品种‘红灯’为研究对象,以生长期功能叶片为材料,根据樱桃小果病毒-1(Little cherry virus-1,LChV-1)、樱桃小果病毒-2(Little cherry virus-2,LChV-2)和樱桃病毒A(Cherry virus A,CVA)基因组序列设计特异性检测引物进行RT-PCR扩增,结果扩增出与LChV-2、CVA预期片段337bp和652bp大小相符的目的片段,测序结果与基因组(基因登录号NC-005065、NC-003689)对应片段一致性分别为89.0%、98.2%,未检测到LChV-1。本研究完成了对环渤海湾地区甜樱桃‘红灯’样品LChV-2、CVA的检测调查,LChV-2检出率43.1%,CVA检出率60.8%;在该地区首次发现LChV-2、CVA复合侵染植株,复合检出率37.3%。结果表明该地区CVA发生较为普遍,可与LChV-2等其他病毒共同加重对甜樱桃的危害。

In order to investigate the occurrence of viruses on sweet cherry（Cerasus avium Linn. ） around Bohai bay, leaf samples of the sweet cherry cultivar ＇Hongdeng＇ were collected from eleven orchards in this region. Primers were designed according to the genome sequences of Little cherry virus-1（LChV-1）, Little cherry virus-2 （LChV-2） and Cherry virus A （CVA）. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） analysis indica- ted that the expected DNA fragments of LChV-2 and CVA with the size of 337 bp and 652 bp were successfully detected from the leaf samples, while no expected DNA fragment of LChV-1 was detected. The amplified frag- ments shared 89.0% and 98.2% identity with the corresponding the genome sequence of LChV-2 （GenBank No. ： NC-005065） and CVA （GenBank No. ：NC-003689）, respectively. Among the 51 samples, 43.1% were infected by LChV-2 and 60.8% by CVA. Mixed infections with LChV-2 and CVA were first reported in this region with an infection rate of 37.3%. The results show that CVA occurs commonly in this region and may enhance the se- verity of the symptoms combined with the other virus species, such as LChV-2.