授粉方式对濒危植物缙云卫矛种子萌发率的影响

Effects of Pollination treatments on Seed germination of Endangered plant Euonymus chloranthoides Yang

缙云卫矛(Euonymus chloranthoides Yang)为重庆特有濒危植物,目前缙云卫矛种群已遭受了严重的生境破碎,种群小且多处于隔离状态。作者对该物种位于重庆北碚的自然种群进行自花授粉、种群内异花授粉、种群间异花授粉处理,所得种子进行萌发实验,结果表明种群内异花授粉的种子萌发率最高,达39%,种群间异花授粉及自花授粉的种子萌发率较低,分别为16%及18%,对种子萌发率的方差分析结果达显著性水平(sig.=0.012),表明种群间的长期隔离导致了种群间的杂交衰退。对该物种的保护要防止种群间长期的隔离分化。

Euonymus chloranthoides Yang is an endangered plant endemic to Chongqing. The population of this plant has been fragmented seriously at present. Natural populations at BeiBei in Chongqing were selected to study the effects of pollina- tion treatment on reproductive success. Self-pollination, cross--pollination within population and cross--pollination between populations were done and the seeds of these treatments were germinated in the lab. The results showed that the germination rate of seeds from cross-- pollination within population was highest and reached to 39%, the germination rate of seeds of cross --pollination between populations and self--pollination was relatively low and reached to 16 % and 18% respectively. The result of ANOVA of seed germination rate reached to significant level（Sig. =0. 012）, which indicated that long isolation between populations had led to crossing depression. Some measures should be taken to avoid population isolation,