3Bray K, Hill K, Robsor W, et al. British association of critical care nurses position statement on the use of restraint in adult critical care units[J]. Nursing in Critical Care,2004,9(5) :199 -212.
6Park M ,Tang JH. Changing the practice of physical restraint use in acute care[ J]. J Gerontol Nurs ,2007 ,33 (2) :9 -16.
7Hamers JP, Meyer G, KSpke S, et al. Attitudes of dutch, german and swiss nursing staff towards physical restraint use in nursing home residents, across - sectional study [ J ]. International Journal of Nurs- ing Studies ,2009,46 (2) :248 - 255.
9Kielb C, Hurloek - ehorosteeki C, Sipprell D. Can minimal patient restraint be safely implemented in the intensive care unit[ J]. Dy-namics,2005,16 ( 1 ) : 16 - 19.
10Minnick AF, Mion LC, Johnson ME, et al. Prevalence and variation of physical restraint use in acute care settings in the US[ J]. J Nuts Scholarsh ,2007,39( 1 ) :30 -37.
10Fraser GL, Prato S, Berthiaume D, et al. Frequency, severity, and treatment of agitation in young versus elderly patients in the ICU. Pharmacotherpy, 2000, 20:75-82
9Minnick AF,Mion LC, Johnson ME, et al. Prevalence and vari-ation of physical restraint use in acute care settings in the US[J]. J Nurs Scholarsh,2007,39( 1):30-37.
10Swickhamer C’Colvig C,Chan SB. Restraint use in the elderlyemergency department patient[J]. J Emerg Med,2013,44(4):869-874.
