摘要
DNA技术在刑事侦查、打击犯罪和法庭审判中发挥着重要作用。近几年来,欧美等一些发达国家相继建成了以PCR-STR分型技术为基础的罪犯DNA数据库,并且也已制定了相关的法律法规以规范数据库的整个运作过程。西方发达国家的实际应用情况充分证明了国家犯罪DNA数据库已经成为司法物证信息系统的核心组成部分。英国是世界上DNA建库最早的国家,美国CODIS系统是世界上犯罪DNA数据库建设与应用最成功的,目前CODIS系统已被世界上十余个国家所引用。
In the forensic sciences, the forensic DNA database has been established for ten years and made remarkable achievements in practice already. With the advances in DNA analysis technologies, the more DNA database is perfect, the more that effect of DNA information becomes prominent, and the genetic analytic technique is now widely used in paternity test and personal identification. The USA and some Western Europe countries have successfully set up criminal DNA databases backed by PCR-STR technique in the recent years, and they also have enacted correlative laws and regulations for administration of Criminal DNA database in its whole process. Forensic Science Service of England launched the study on the model of criminal DNA database, and has finished this study work in 1995. The projection and construction, technologies and future trends of DNA database in America provide some clues to improve the construction of DNA database.
关键词
法庭科学
罪犯DNA数据库
DNA技术应用
发展趋势
Forensic Science
DNA Database
Applications of DNA Technologies
Future Trends of DNA Database
