电力系统连锁故障分析理论与应用(一)——相关理论方法与应用

Power system cascading failure analysis theories and application Ⅰ——related theories and applications

电网互联规模的扩大在提升供电能力与经济效益的同时也一定程度上增加了连锁故障风险,近年因故障扩散导致的大规模停电时有发生,详细整理电力系统连锁故障分析理论及其功能特点与适用场景,是一项十分有意义的工作。经过多年发展,在此研究领域已出现了一系列兼具理论性与实用性的理论模型与分析方法。从连锁故障过程的普遍特点入手,深入分析其物理特征、内外因素与关键信息,并在归纳主要技术难点基础上,针对电力系统连锁故障现有分析方法的理论要点及其适用性进行完整的比对性研究,以期为后续研究提供详细的理论背景分析。进一步介绍了国外电力系统已实用化的若干连锁故障计算分析软件及其算法要点,为开发符合我国电网运行特点的相关高级应用提供启示。

Power supply ability and operation profit have been promoted by increasing power grid intercormection, which also leads to a higher level of cascading failures risk. Large-scale blackout caused by cascading failures happened several times in recent years. It is quite meaningful to comprehensively analyze power system cascading failures theories, mathematical features and application scenarios. In this area, a series of theories and modeling methods both with academic and practical values have been proposed in the last ten years. First of all, the intensive study is performed for essential features of cascading failure process, as well as the internal and external impact factors and required information. After listing the major difficulties of modeling approach, a comprehensive technical review of related algorithm is presented, which thus is expected to offer a clear scope for the future research. Last but not least, for the further discussion, some practical software and cascading failures algorithm used in the foreign power system industry are consequently introduced, which is expected to provide enlightenment for the advanced application in the power grid operation in China.