作物抗逆转基因工程研究进展

Advances in Genetically Improving Resistance to Environmental Stress of Crops

由于植物本身不能自主移动,受此限制,在其生长发育过程中,周围环境的逆境条件常常会对其生存造成不利影响。通常所说的逆境是指非生物逆境和生物逆境。前者包括干旱、盐碱、极端温度(如高温和低温)、有害化学物质等,后者包括病害(如病毒病、细菌病、真菌病等)和虫害等。增强作物抵御逆境能力一直是科技工作者研究的重点领域,而通过转基因手段提高作物抗逆水平是一条行之有效的途径。本文收集整理了此领域最新的研究进展,选择其中具有代表性的突出事例,分非生物逆境和生物逆境两个方面做一简要综述,以期为推动作物抗逆领域的科学研究提供有益信息。

During its complete life cycle, plant is more vulnerable to natural environment because it un able to move initiatively. Environmental stress generally were classified into two groups which are abiotic like drought, salinity, extreme temperature, poison chemicals, and biotic like disease and insect. It has been a key challenge for the scientists to enhance the ability of resistance to environmental stress and transgenic engineering no doubt is a potential means to achieve this goal. The latest advances of researches including abiotic and biotic stress accordingly were reviewed in the paper in order to provide researchers informative insights and push forward the study of stress resistance in crops.