我国沿海港口物流效率测度与分析

Logistics Efficiency Measurement and Analysis of Coastal Ports in China

本文运用因子分析、效率数据包络分析及超效率数据包络分析结合的三步分析法,对2011年我国15个主要沿海港口的效率进行了实证研究。结果表明,我国沿海规模以上港口的运行效率处于不平衡状态,原因在于近年来各地港口投资增加幅度与港口吞吐总量增长幅度的不对称。沿海港口近年投资规模阶段性增幅超过吞吐量的增长幅度,不仅与国家为了经济的发展在一段时期内对港口吞吐能力做战略调整以期提高港口竞争力有关,也与港口建设周期长、港口吞吐能力必须做前期储备有关。因此,沿海港口只有改变发展方式,切实提高港口的品质,才能尽快完成转型升级。

This paper uses three-step analysis with combination of factor analysis, the efficiency of data envelopment analysis and super efficiency data envelopment analysis in order to make an empirical research on 15 major coastal ports efficiency of our country in 2011.The result shows that China^s coastal ports efficiency is in an unbalanced state, the reason is that in recent years the port investment increase amplitude and port throughput increase is totally asymmetric from place to place.In recent years the coastal port investment scale stage growth rate has become higher than the growth of the throughput of port, it is not only related to the fact that the country need to do some strategic adjustments to port throughput ability so as to improve the port competitiveness during some period of its economy development,but also has some relations with the long port construction cycle and that port throughput capacity must be reserved in advance.The final conclusion indicates that the coastal ports could finish the transformation and upgrading as soon as possible only by changing the way of development and improve the quality of the port.