蜜蜂蜂毒主要成分与功能研究进展

Advance on the Main Compositions and the Functions of Honeybee Venom

蜜蜂蜂毒(honeybee venom)作为重要的蜂产品之一,其中的很多蛋白在抗炎、抗癌、抗菌、抗辐射和杀虫等方面具有很好的效果。20世纪40年代以来,国内外在蜂毒活性成分分析、作用机理、重要基因克隆和毒蛋白功能等方面进行广泛地研究,取得了重要的进展。本文的目的是总结蜜蜂蜂毒主要成分磷脂酶A2、透明质酸酶、蜂毒肽、蜂毒明肽、肥大细胞脱粒肽和镇静肽等毒蛋白的基因结构、生化特性及功能等方面的研究进展,为蜂毒基因的研究和利用提供一定的理论基础。

Honeybee venom is one of important bee products, of which many proteins were identified to play a role in anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, anti-radiation, insect disinfestation, and so on. Since 1940s, there had made many significant advances in component analysis, action mechanisms, gene cloning, and protein function analysis of honeybee＇s venom.i The aim of present review was to summarize the gene structure, biochemical characteristics and function of the main components in honeybee venom, such as phospholipase A2, hyaluronidase, melittin, apamin, mast cell degranulating peptides and secapin. It would will provide the theoretical basis for the research and utilization of honeybee venom.