作物蒸发腾发量计算研究综述

Review on Calculation Methods for Crop Evapotranspiration

作物蒸发腾发量是农业用水最主要的部分。准确计算作物蒸发腾发量是制定农作物灌溉制度的基础,也是促进农业节水的关键。介绍了作物蒸发腾发量计算的基本理论及发展情况,按照理论基础,将目前作物蒸发腾发量计算的常用方法分类,并对经验公式法、参照作物蒸发腾发量法等的适用条件进行了分析。对常用作物蒸发腾发量计算方法在大时空尺度和非充分灌溉模式下的计算改进方式及应用进行了说明。基于作物蒸发腾发量计算方法问题、改进及实际应用情况,认为作物蒸发腾发量计算方法及实用技术研究未来的发展方向为基于多学科、多专业联合攻关,研究既有理论基础又便于实际应用的多尺度作物蒸发滕发量估算模式。

Evapotranspiration of crops is the main part of water used for agriculture. The prediction of crop evapotranspiration is not only the basis for agriculture irrigation planning, but also the key for agriculture water saving. The basic theories of calculation methods for crop evapotranspiration were reviewed, and calculation methods mentioned were divided based on the basic theories. The application conditions for the calculation methods were analyzed in this paper. The problems with special-temporal scale and deficit irrigation were introduced in this paper, and applicable theories and methods for solving the problems were exampled. Prospects of study in crop evapotranspiration were introduced as developing multi-scale com- putational methods with theoretical basis and easy-using characteristic based on muhidisciplinary partnerships.