深圳市术前患者艾滋病相关知识行为状况及艾滋病、梅毒监测结果分析

Analysis on AIDS-related Knowledge and Behaviors and Surveillance Results of AIDS and Syphilis Among Preoperative Patients in Shenzhen

目的了解深圳市术前患者艾滋病相关知识行为及艾滋病、梅毒感染状况,为制定综合干预措施提供依据。方法对外科术前患者采血进行艾滋病和梅毒血清学检测,同时进行艾滋病相关知识行为问卷调查。结果共监测1 257名术前患者,艾滋病病毒抗体阳性率0.159%,梅毒阳性率1.512%。术前患者对艾滋病相关知识掌握情况不均衡,共用注射器、针头及输入HIV感染的血或血液制品是否感染艾滋病知晓率较高,分别为95.2%和92.2%;蚊虫叮咬、接吻是否传播艾滋病知晓率较低,分别为39.4%和49.2%;最近1年有非婚性行为有42人(3.3%);承认最近1年有商业性行为有23人(1.8%),其中每次使用安全套的有55.6%,有时使用33.3%,从未使用11.1%;83.7%认为自己没有可能感染HIV。结论术前患者对艾滋病相关知识掌握不足,加强对该人群艾滋病防治知识健康教育及艾滋病监测,对促进其健康行为模式的建立和预防医务人员职业暴露及医疗纠纷具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the status of AIDS- related knowledge and behaviors, AIDS and syphilis infection among preoperative patients in Shenzhen, and to provide evidence for formulating comprehensive intervention measures. Meth- ods HIV/AIDS and syphilis serological tests were performed among surgical preoperative patients; meanwhile, AIDS- related knowledge and behavior questionnaire surveys were conducted. Results A total of 1,257 preoperative patients were monitored. The positive rates of HIV antibody and syphilis antibody were 0. 159% and 1. 512%, respectively. The results of questionnaire surveys showed that it was unbalanced for the preoperative patients to learn about AIDS- related knowledge. The awareness rates of whether or not AIDS transmitted by sharing syringes and needles （95.2 % ） and the transfusion of HIV infected blood or blood products （92.2 % ） were both higher, while the awareness rates of insect bite （39.4 % ） and whether or not AIDS spread by kissing （49.2%） were both lower. 42 （3.3%） persons had non-marital sex in the last 12 months. 23 （ 1.8% ） persons confessed to have commercial sex in the last 12 months, among them, 55.6% used condoms each time, 33.3% used sometimes, and 11.1% never used. 83.7 % thought it was imp^ssible to be infected with HIV. Conclusions The preoperative patients have a lack of AIDS- related knowledge, and hence, strengthening the AIDSrelated health education and AIDS monitoring plays a very important role in promoting the establishment of health behavior patterns among the preoperative patients and preventing medical staff＇s occupational exposure and medical disputes.