基层政权组织行为的制度逻辑——基于一项文献研究的考察与评析

InstitutionalLogic of Organizational Behaviors by Grass-roots Government:Based on an Inspection and Analysis of a Literature Review

对基层政权组织行为的制度逻辑探究是社会学界关注的重要学术传统,已形成两种研究视角即结构—制度与制度变迁视角。结构——制度视角关注的是社会结构和制度对基层政权行为的限定,其特点是重视组织行为的社会规则,力图呈现基层政权行为所反映的社会结构关系。制度变迁视角力图从动态的时空背景中来呈现基层政权的组织行为与乡村经济制度变迁的逻辑关系,突出农村经济制度变迁对重塑基层政权组织行为的意义。制度逻辑一方面彰显了制度因素对基层政权行为的重要性,其不足之处是忽视了基层政权的主体性与政府间盘根错节的权力与利益关系对塑造该组织行为的影响。

It is an important academic tradition to explore the institutional logic of the organizational behaviors by the grass-roots government in the society, which has resulted in two theoretical perspectives： the structural - institutional analysis and the perspective of institutional change. The structural-institutional analysis pays atten- tion to how the social structure and institution limits the grass-roots government behavior, with a stress on the re-striction fromsocial structure and rules on its organizational behavior and with the features of its social rules for or-ganizational behaviors intending to demonstrate the relationship between the social structure and the organizational behaviorsby the grass - roots government. However, the perspective of institutional change tries to present the logi-cal relationship between the organizational behaviors by the grass-roots government and the social economic insti- tutional change from the dynamic space-time background in the rural areas, which highlights the significance of the social economic institutional change in the rural areas to remodel the organizational behaviors by the grass - roots government. The institutional logic highlights the importance of institutional factors on the organizational be-haviors by the grass - roots government, the deficiency of which is to neglect the impact of autonomy of the grass - roots government and the entangled power relations among governments to shape their organizational behaviors.