不同体位麻黄碱滴鼻方法对高压氧治疗患者耐受性的影响

Impacts of using ephedrine hydrochloride nasal drops in different position on patients’s tolerance of hyperbaric oxygen therapy

目的了解高压氧(HBO)治疗前不同的麻黄碱滴鼻方法对HBO治疗患者耐受性的影响。方法将首次行HBO治疗的患者300例按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组150例。两组均采用大型医用空气加压氧舱治疗,第1、2、3天进舱前予麻黄碱滴鼻,观察组采用平卧头后仰侧转45°的体位,对照组采用平卧头后仰体位,在每侧鼻腔滴1%盐酸麻黄碱滴鼻液3滴。出舱后检查鼓膜,询问患者有无耳胀、耳痛,比较两组患者对HBO治疗的耐受性。结果观察组耳胀、耳痛及鼓膜充血的发生率均低于对照组,对HBO治疗的耐受性高于对照组(93.3%VS86.0%),P均<0.05。结论 HBO治疗前平卧头后仰侧转45°的体位麻黄碱滴鼻,效果好于平卧头后仰体位滴鼻,可减少和预防HBO时耳部不适反应,明显提高患者对HBO治疗的耐受性。

Objective To investigate the impacts of using different methods of ephedrine hydrochloride nasal drops prior to HBO therapy on patients＇ tolerance of HBO therapy. Methods Three hurdred patients firstly treated by HBO were selected and randomly divided into two groups, i.e. observed group and control group, 150 patients for each. In the 1st, 2rid and 3rd day, ephedrine hydrochloride nasal, drops were put before they were sent into large medical hyperbaric oxygen tank. Patients in observed group laid in horizontal position with head leaning back and turning to 45~, and those in control group were in horizontal position with head leaning back only. three drops of 1% of ephedrine hydrochloride nasal drops were respectively put into the nose and then their responses were checked for comparison. Results It was found that rate of swollen ear and earache, cases of HBO intolerance in observed group was obviously less than that in control group（93.3% VS 86.0% ）, there was statistically significant between two groups（P 〈0. 05）. Conclusion Ephedrine hydrochloride nasal drops put in horizontal position with head leaning back and turning to 45 before HBO is superior to that in the same positioncan with head leaning back only in di- crease and prevention of adverse reaction of ear. It is found that the patients＇ tolerance to HBO obviously enhances.