铅中毒患儿家属的心理状态及护理对策

The psychological status and nursing strategy of children patients' parents of lead poisoning

目的分析铅中毒患儿家属心理状况并探讨有效的护理对策。方法选择2009年12月～2012年6月于湖北省武汉市职业病防治院就诊的29例铅中毒患儿的45名家属,父亲和(或)母亲,作为研究对象,分为两组,在积极救治患儿的同时,对照组20名家长未接受护理,观察组25名家长接受相应的护理,分别采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)对患儿父母的心理状态进行评估。结果护理前两组家长的SAS、SDS评分比较,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后两组家长的SAS、SDS评分比较,观察组明显优于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患儿的血铅水平改善更为明显,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论铅中毒患儿家长存在一定的心理问题,针对性的护理可以明显改善其焦虑、抑郁状况,有利于患儿的康复。

Objective To analyze the psychological state of children patients parents of lead poisoning and explore the effective nursing measures. Methods From December 2009 to June 2012 in Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Disease, 45 parents （father and / or mother） of 29 cases of lead poisoning in children were selected as research subjects, they were randomly divided into two groups according to the order of admission, 20 parents of the children in control group were not accepted nursing while children with active treatment, 25 parents of the children in observation group were accepted nursing, the psychological status of children patients＂ parents were evaluated by Self- Rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and Self-Rating Depression Scale （SDS）. Results The SAS, SDS scores of two groups before nursing were compared, the difference was not statistically significant between two groups （/9 〉 0.05）; the SAS, SDS scores of two groups after nursing were compared, the observation group was significantly better than the control group, the difference was statistically significant between two groups （P 〈 0.05）; the blood lead levels of children in the observation group were improved more significantly, the difference between two groups was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion There is a certain psychological problems in children patients＇ parents of lead poisoning, targeted nursing can significantly improve their anxiety and depression state, and conducive to the rehabilitation of