省际间基本社会保障服务均等化研究——基于2000—2010年面板数据的分析

Study on Equalization of Basic Social Cecurity among Provinces——Based on the analysis of Panel Data(2000—2010)

社会保障是维系人的基本生存权和发展权、维持社会安全与稳定底线的一种最基本层次的公共服务项目。进入21世纪以来,无论从社会保障人均投入、社会保障投入水平,还是社会保障投入比重来看,我国省际间差异均呈现"U"型轨迹。实证研究表明,省际间社会保障服务及其差异程度,既受政府的供给能力、供给意愿、供给成本等供给因素的影响,也受居民的体制性需求和项目性需求的制约。其中,供给能力和供给成本在省际间存在的较大差异性,成为阻碍社会保障服务均等化实现的主要原因。为此,要逐步缓解财政能力的悬殊差距、减少社保供给的成本差异、确立民生优先的一致意愿、消除城乡体制的二元分割。

The basic social security is one of the most basic level of public service provided by the government. It can maintain basic subsistence rights and development rights, as well as the bottom line of social safety and stability. Since the 21th century, the provinces difference has presented UShape trajectory in terms of the per capita expenditure, expenditure level and expenditure proportion of basic social security in China. The difference of social security between provinces is affected by multiple factors, for exam- ple the supply capacity, supply willingness, supply cost, institutional demand and project - based demand. Among which, the difference of supply capacity and supply cost is principal. In order to achieve the equalization of basic social security, we should alleviate the gap of fiscal capacity, reduce the cost difference of social security supply, build up the common will of people＇ s livelihood and eliminate the ur- ban- rural dual system