弧焊快速成型过程线能量的控制研究

The Study of Controlling Heat Input in Arc Rapid Prototyping

为了提高弧焊快速成型金属零件的形貌和组织力学性能,对成型过程中线能量输入进行了监控。根据监测到的熔池温度、焊接电流、焊接电压和进给速度预测线能量的变化,用专家PID方法控制送丝速度、焊接峰值电压和机床进给速度,实现了控制线能量稳定输入的目的。实验证明,基于温度的线能量控制成型方法可有效地控制成型层头部和尾部形状缺陷。

In order to improve the morphology, microstructure and mechanical properties of the metal part made by arc rapid prototyping, the heat input is been monitoring during the forming process. We forecast the heat input according to the monitored temperature of molten pool, welding current, welding peak voltage and CNC velocity, and we adopt expert PID control algorithms to adjust the wire feeding speed, welding peak voltage and CNC velocity which control the heat input steadily. The experiment results indicate that the defects of the forming layers＇ head and tail shapes are controlled effectively and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the part is improved under the condition of the control method which is based on temperature control.