传承与发展:苗侗民族法文化在林业保护中作用与意义

Inheritance and Development: On the Function and Significance of the Culture of National Law of Miao and Dong in the Forestry Protection

阐述了苗族议榔、侗族款约、苗侗民族谚语、村规民约在林业保护中的作用,以及苗侗传统民族法文化在现代林业保护中的作用和意义。黔东南地区杉木被明清统治阶级发现后拉开了采伐的序幕,但过度采伐导致了林业资源的枯竭,也使苗侗地区的民众生活陷入困境。在反思林木的采伐、管护方式中,苗侗民族的林业保护习俗也逐渐形成。从最初的苗族议榔、侗族款约来保护林木,到后来条款化、体系化的林业习惯法;再加上精炼的民族谚语和改革开放后的村规民约,都集中反映了苗侗民族对林业的重视,这些优秀的民族法文化至今在林业保护、发展中仍起着十分重要的作用。

The discovery of Chinese fir in the southeast area of Guizhou province in china by ruling class in Ming and Qing dynasty led to the prologue of tree cutting, but over-harvesting led to the de- pletion of forest resources, and also made the people in Miao and Dong live in straitened circum- stances. Reflecting the management and protection of forest harvesting, the Miao and Dong＇s customs of protecting forestry have gradually formed, which are from the ＂Yilang＂ of Miao a traditional convention to make decisions, and the special causes of Dong to protect forests, to the systematic terms of forestry customary law. Meanwhile, Miao and Dong have also created a series of condensed folk proverbs adapted by methods and measures of environmental protection methods and measures, all of which reflect their emphasis on forestry protection. These excellent culture of customary law is still playing a very important role in the protection and development of forestry.