宁夏吴忠市7岁以下儿童生长状况及影响因素分析

Growth status of children under 7 years in Wuzhong City,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China and its influential factors

目的了解宁夏吴忠市7岁以下儿童生长状况及影响因素,为制定相关干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群的抽样方法,对宁夏吴忠市两县区7岁以下儿童进行了调查,生长状况采用Z评分法评价。结果 7岁以下儿童生长迟缓、低体重、消瘦的发生率分别为12.58%、5.71%、5.55%。儿童年龄的身高Z评分(HAZ)、年龄的体重Z评分(WAZ)以及身高的体重Z评分(WHZ)均值分别为-0.26±2.50、0.29±4.54和0.65±3.02。不同民族儿童消瘦发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同地区和不同年龄段儿童生长迟缓发生率、低体重的发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。儿童生长迟缓的主要影响因素为地区(OR=0.369,P<0.001)、民族(OR=1.694,P=0.027)、儿童年龄(OR=1.143,P=0.002)。低体重的主要影响因素为地区(OR=0.453,P=0.001)、儿童年龄(OR=1.204,P=0.002)。消瘦的主要影响因素为民族(OR=1.735,P=0.024)。结论吴忠市7岁儿童生长水平欠佳,其生长水平与民族、地区、年龄等因素有关。[中国当代儿科杂志,2013,15(4):289-293]

Objective To investigate the growth status of children under 7 years in Wuzhong City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China and its influential factors, and to provide a basis for related intervention measures. Methods Children under 7 years were selected from two county-level districts in Wuzhong by stratified cluster sampling, and their growth status were evaluated by the Z score method. Results The prevalence rates of growth retardation, underweight, and wasting were 12.58% , 5.71% , and 5.55% respectively. The height-for-age Z score, weight-for-age Z score, and weight- for-height Z scores were - 0.26 ± 2.50, 0.29 ± 4.54. and 0.65 ± 3.02 respectively. There were significant differences in the prevalence rate of wasting among children of different ethnic groups （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; also, there were significant differences in the prevalence rates of growth retardation and underweight among children from different regions and with different age （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The main influential factors for growth retardation were region （ OR = 0. 369, P 〈 0. 001 ）, ethnic groups （OR = 1.694, P =0.027）, and age （OR = 1. 143, P =0. 002）. The main influential factors for underweight were region （ OR = 0. 453, P = 0. 001 ） and age （ OR = 1. 204, P = 0. 002 ）. The main influential factor for wasting was nation （ OR = 1. 735, P = 0. 024 ）. Conclusions In Wuzhong, children under 7 years have poor growth status, which are related to ethnic groups, region, and age.