焊接电弧电离区域与边界的诊断

Diagnosis of welding arc ionization region and boundary

焊接电弧是一种以气体放电实现电热转换的热源,其电离区域的尺度以及有效作用范围与其能量密度的分布有直接的对应关系.采用发射光谱诊断法,通过对电弧径向的氩原子和氩离子谱线强度的定量检测,获得了电弧内气体电离区域和气体原子激发辐射边界的尺度.克服了以往摄像手段由于曝光因素而无法定量观测电弧的问题,并将电弧光谱边界测定方法应用于脉冲电弧的观测,对电弧导电的物理概念以及电弧热源的建模等提供了认识的依据.

Welding arc, as a heat source, converts electric energy to heat energy by gas discharging, and the scale of the arc ionization region as well as the effective range of the arc determines the distribution of its energy density. In this paper, the quantitative detection of argon atoms and argon-ion line intensity were achieved by emission spectroscopy diagnostic method, and the arc ionization region and the gas atom excitation radiation boundary scale were obtained. The measurement not only overcame the problem that the arc could not be quantitatively tested with camera due to exposure factors, but also could be used for observation of pulsed arc. The results provide the basis for better understanding arc physics and modeling the arc.