团体箱庭疗法对留守初中生适应不良干预效果研究

Effects of group sandplay therapy on social maladjustment of the “left-behind” junior middle school students in the county

目的探讨团体箱庭疗法对农村留守初中生适应不良的干预效果。方法方便选取582名农村初中生,采用社会适应不良量表(SOC),青少年心理适应性量表(APAS)进行测试。根据自愿原则选取SOC得分≥20分、APAS得分≤59分的留守初中生40名,随机分为2组开展心理干预:箱庭组20名,使用团体箱庭疗法进行干预,每周干预1次,共8次;对照组20名,实验过程中不予干预。干预结束后,对两组被试进行SOC和APAS测试。比较两组被试前后测的干预效果。结果前测独立样本t检验结果显示,箱庭组、对照组SOC得分、APAS总分及各因子得分比较差异无统计学意义。前后测结果配对样本t检验结果显示,箱庭组SOC干预后得分低于干预前,APAS总分及各因子分干预后得分高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);对照组除APAS考试焦虑因子得分低于干预前(P<0.05)外,SOC、APAS总分及各因子分前后测差异均无统计学意义。结论团体箱庭疗法对留守初中生的适应不良问题具有积极的干预效果。

Objective To explore the effects of Group Sandplay Therapy （GST） on Social Maladjustment of the ＂left-behind＂ junior middle school students in the county. Methods To investigate 582 junior middle school students by completing the Social Maladjustment Scale （ SOC ） and Adolescence Psychological Adaptability Scale（APAS） ,40 students who got more than or equal to 20 scores of SOC and less than or equal to 59 scores of APAS were selected and grouped into GST group and control group which consist of 20 students respectively. After intervention, all subjects were requested to finish SOC and APAS as a posttest in order to assess the effects of intervention. Results In the pretest, there were no differences in scores of SOC, APAS scores, and each factor between GST group and control group. In GST group, the scores of SOC were significantly lower in the posttest than those in the pretest. However, the scores of APAS and each factor were significantly higher in the posttest than those in the pretest. In control group, the scores of APAS＇ factor for examination of anxiety were significantly lower in the posttest than those in the pretest. However, there were no differences in other scores between in the pretest and in the posttest. Conclusion To some extent, group sandplay therapy is effective to the ＂left-behind＂ junior middle school students for ameliorating their Social Maladjustment.