制造业工人对工作场所的安全氛围感知与抑郁情绪的关系

Relationship between perceptions of safety climate at workplace and depressive disorders in manufacturing workers

目的探讨工人抑郁情绪的影响因素，为制定工作场所健康促进干预措施提供参考依据。方法对佛山市南海区33家制造业企业8085名一线生产工人进行问卷调查，内容包括人口学特征、安全氛围量表和流调中心抑郁量表等，采用多水平logistic回归模型分析工人抑郁情绪的影响因素。结果有效调查6260名工人，平均年龄为（31．1±8．6）岁，男性占53．2％。多水平logistic回归分析发现，在控制年龄、性别、婚姻情况等个体社会人口学特征后，“安全生产培训”得分高的企业工人报告抑郁情绪较高（OR=1．46，95％CI=1．07～1．97）；“同事关注安全生产”得分高的企业工人报告抑郁情绪较低（OR=0．08，95％CI=0．03～0．26）；未发现“安全警示语与防护措施”和“管理者关注安全生产”与工人抑郁情绪的关系，OR值分别为0．78（95％CI=0．48～1．28）、1．08（95％C1=0．68～1．72）。结论制造业工人抑郁情绪与工作场所的安全氛围有关，预防控制工人抑郁情绪时要关注营造良好的安全生产氛围。

Objective To investigate the risk factors for depressive disorders in manufacturing workers and to provide a basis for developing health promotion measures at workplace. Methods A questionnaire survey was performed in 8085 front-line production workers from 33 manufacturing enterprises in Nanhai District of Foshan, Guangdong Province, China. The questionnaire contained a survey of demographic characteristics, the Safety Climate Scale, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, etc. The multilevel logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate the risk factors for depressive disorders in workers. Results A total of 6260 workers completed the survey; their mean age was 31.1 ±8.6 years, and 53.2% of them were males. The multilevel logistic regression analysis showed that after adjustment for sociodemographie factors such as age, sex, and martial status, more depressive disorders were reported in the enterprises with higher score of ＂production safety training＂ than in those with lower score （OR=1.46, 95%CI= 1.07-1.97）; fewer depressive disorders were reported in the enterprises with higher score of ＂colleagues concerned about production safety＂ than in those with lower score （OR =0.08, 95% CI=0.03 -0.26）; the relationships of ＂safety warnings and precautions＂ and ＂managers concerned about production safety＂ with workers＇ depressive disorders were not statistically significant （OR=0.78, 95%CI=0.48-1.28; OR=l.08, 95%CI= 0.68-1.72）. Conclusion Depressive disorders in manufacturing workers are related to the safety climate at workplace, which indicates that a good safety climate at workplace should be created to prevent and control depressive disorders in workers.