哪些因素会影响急性咳嗽和呼吸道感染的初级保健患儿的预后？
What factors influence prognosis in children with acute cough and respiratory tract infection in primary care？
摘要
咳嗽是学龄前儿童看全科医生最常见的原因，每年这个年龄段儿童所花费的初级保健费用保守估计可达3100万英镑（3840万欧元；5030万美元）。学龄前儿童患有急性咳嗽时，约25％咳嗽症状会超过2周，12％会因为病情恶化或者出现并发症，例如肺炎需要再次就诊。社区医生一直尝试在减少不必要的抗生素应用的前提下，能够做到积极预防呼吸道感染引起的并发症，然而英国国家医疗卫生与临床优选研究所（NICE）下发的最新指南提出，抗生素应用增加的关键性原因是因为临床上不能确定患儿是否会出现并发症或者需要住院治疗，也就是说，这些患儿存在预后很差的风险。这种临床诊断的不明确性体现在临床医生、全科医疗机构和国家之间处方的巨大差别。
出处
《英国医学杂志中文版》
2013年第2期117-121,共5页
The BMJ Chinese Edition
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