一孩和二孩家庭收入与消费的实证分析——基于苏南农村某乡镇的调查

An Empirical Study on Households' Income and Consumptions of One-child and Two-child Families from a Rural Town in Southern Jiangsu

通过对江苏苏南农村790户一孩和二孩家庭的入户调查及数据分析,比较了两类家庭的基本人口学特征,讨论了两类家庭收入水平与结构、消费水平与结构的差异,结果表明,两类家庭在家庭总收入和总消费支出上没有显著差异,但一孩家庭的人均收入和消费支出均显著高于二孩家庭,家庭小孩数是引起差异的主要原因;同时通过比较两类家庭的基尼系数和恩格尔系数发现,二孩家庭中的贫富差距要大于一孩家庭。

Based on the survey data from 790 one - child and two - child families in a rural township, Southern Jiangsu, the paper compared the basic demographic characteristics of the two kinds of families, and, discussed the differences between income level and family structure as well as consumption level and family structure. The findings indicate that on one hand there is no significant difference in total household income and consumption between the families, but per capita household income and consumption of one - child families are much higher than those of two - child families, which is mainly due to the child number of the family; on the other hand, by comparing gini coefficient and the Engel＇ s coefficient of the two kinds of families, we found bigger wealth gap in two- child families than in one -child families.