国外村民自治研究的三种理论路径评析及庇护主义视角的提出

A Review of the Three Approaches in Overseas Studies of China's Villagers' Self-Governance and the Introduction of the Clientelist Perspective

自上世纪九十年代以来,国外学界对中国村民自治的研究可归纳为三种主要理论路径,分别是自由民主路径、权威主义路径和发展主义路径。基于不同的理论假设和关注视角,这三种不同的理论路径对于认识和分析当代中国的村庄政治既具有重要意义,同时也存在着明显的不足和缺陷。庇护主义作为一个政治学分析范式和理论视角对于分析中国的村庄政治和村民选举有着重要的理论价值和启示意义。

Since 1990s,researches on China’s villagers’ self-governance by overseas scholars can be summed up to three approaches,which are liberal-democratic approach,authoritarian approach and developmentalist approach.Based on different theoretical assumptions and perspectives,these three approaches have showed both strength and weaknesses in analyzing China’s village politics.This paper first analyzes the three theoretical approaches respectively and then suggests that political clientelism as a theoretical perspective and analytical tool may have important value in analyzing China’s village elections and politics.