儿童肺炎链球菌所致化脓性脑膜炎12例临床分析

Clinical analysis of purulent meningitis caused by streptococcus pneumoniae in 12 children

目的 探讨肺炎链球菌所致的小儿化脓性脑膜炎的临床特点.方法 对我院2007年1月至2011年10月收治的12例肺炎链球菌所致的化脓性脑膜炎患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 12例均为青霉素耐药肺炎链球菌,年龄2个月～9岁9个月,其中5岁以下占75％ （9/12）,2岁以下41.6％（5/12）,临床表现均有发热,并伴有神经系统受累症状.12例患儿均有合并症,9例合并脓毒症（75％）,8例合并肺炎（66.7％）,其中5例同时合并脓毒症及肺炎.实验室检查外周血白细胞计数、C反应蛋白、降钙素原、红细胞沉降率及脑脊液白细胞计数、蛋白多明显增高,脑脊液糖下降明显.12例患儿中有11例患儿最终均使用万古霉素联合三、四代头孢或其他抗生素治疗,8例治愈,2例留有严重后遗症,2例死亡.结论 应重视肺炎链球菌所致的脑膜炎,对临床怀疑肺炎链球菌所致的化脓性脑膜炎,要尽早给予包括万古霉素在内的抗生素联合治疗.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of purulent meningitis caused by streptococcus pneumoniae.Methods We studied clinical features of 12 children with purulent meningitis caused by streptococcus pneumoniae who were hospitalized from Jan 2007 to Oct 2011 in our hospital.Results Twelve children were penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae.The ages ranged from 2 months to 10 years.Nine cases（75%） were aged less than 5 years,and 5 cases（41.6%） were aged less than 2 years.All cases were with fever,and with the nervous system symptoms involvement.All cases were with complications：9 cases（75%） with septicemia,8 cases （66.7%） with pneumonia.The white blood cells,blood C-reactive protein,peripheral blood procalcitonin,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,white cells and protein in cerebrospinal fluid were mostly significantly high,sugar in cerebrospinal fluid were low significantly.Eleven cases were eventually treatmented by vancomycin plus 3rd to 4rd generations of cephalosporins antibiotics or other antibiotics.Eight cases were cured,2 cases with serious sequela,and 2 cases died.Conclusion We should attach importance to the meningitis caused by streptococcus pneumoniae.For clinical suspects pneumonia streptococcus meningitis,to given the powerful therapy by vancomycin plus the other antibiotics,as early as possible.