兰州鲇与鲇形态特征和血清生化指标的比较研究

A Comparison Study on Morphological Character and Serum Biochemical Parameters between Silurus lanzhouensis and Silurus asotus

比较了黄河中上游水域中特有鱼类兰州鲇(Silurus lanzhouensis)与鲇(Silurus asotus)主要形态学特征和血清生化指标,以期对兰州鲇的资源保护和人工养殖提供参考。结果显示,兰州鲇的颌须长/全长显著大于鲇(P<0.05);眼径/全长以及口裂宽/全长两者无显著差异(P>0.05),但兰州鲇眼径显著低于鲇(P<0.05);兰州鲇血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)显著高于鲇(P<0.05),血清钙(Ca)、磷(P)和白球比(A/G)显著低于鲇(P<0.05),血清谷草转氨酶(AST)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLO)、白球比(A/G)、尿素(BUN)、总胆固醇(Chol)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)两者均无显著差异(P>0.05)。研究表明,兰州鲇眼径较小,第一颌须较长,2种鲇在形态和血清生化指标上存在一定差别,在钙磷矿物营养代谢上有较大差异,而在蛋白与脂代谢强度上有相似性。

In order to know the characteristics of Silurus lanzhouensis,the morphological character and serum biochemical parameters of Silurus lanzhouensis were compared with those of Silurus asotus.The results showed that the ratio of macrochaeta length to body length was significantly higher in Silurus lanzhouensis than that in Silurus asotus（P0.05）.The ratio of eye diameter to whole length and the ratio of oral fissure length to body length were not significantly different between Silurus lanzhouensis and Silurus asotus.Anyhow the eye diameter of Silurus lanzhouensis was significantly lower than that of Silurus asotus（P0.05）.The serum alanine aminotransferase（ALT） was significantly higher in Silurus lanzhouensis than that in Silurus asotus（P0.05）.The serum calcium（Ca）,phosphorus（P） and the ratio of albumin to globulin（A/G） in Silurus lanzhouensis were significantly lower than that in Silurus asotus（P0.05）.There were no differences in the serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase（AST）,total protein（TP）,albumin（ALB）,globulin（GLO）,urea（BUN）,total cholesterol（Chol）,triglyceride（TG）,high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-c）,low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-c） between Silurus lanzhouensis and Silurus asotus（P0.05）.The results showed that there were certain of differences between Silurus lanzhouensis and Silurus asotus,which could be used as references for recognizing the two species and for future aquaculture and resource protection.