冠心病Ⅲ期有氧运动生理区域的研究

Study on the physiological field of aerobic exercise in patients with coronary heart disease in stage Ⅲ

目的以天津市康复Ⅲ期的冠心病患者为对象,旨在通过试验研究,制定适合国人的安全有效的冠心病康复运动处方。方法选取天津市正规三甲医院确诊冠心病康复Ⅲ期患者72人(不包括变异性心绞痛),将每位患者随机编号,从编号里随机抽取36个编号的患者作为有氧加力量练习组(观察组),其余36位患者作为单纯有氧练习组(对照组)。通过问卷调查、体质指标的测试及12周的康复锻炼,分析观察组与对照组生理指标的差异。结果随运动强度的增加,在同等负荷条件下,康复后心率明显低于康复前;康复后两组间在较高运动强度时表现出同等负荷条件下,观察组心率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。经过12周的康复后,递增负荷运动试验的持续时间均比康复前明显提高(P<0.01),并且观察组的运动持续时间比对照组有较明显的增加(P<0.01)。康复后,恢复到安静状态所用时间也明显比康复前减少(P<0.01),但两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);康复后两组患者的部分肌肉群力量变化情况进行统计后发现,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);12周康复后两组患者的生活体验评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论有氧加力量练习康复是适合国人的安全有效的冠心病康复运动处方。

[ Objective ] The patients with coronary heart disease in rehabilitation stage m were collected as the objects, to formulate the safe and effective rehabilitation exercise prescription which is suitable for Chinese patients with coronary heart disease by the ex- perimental investigation. [ Methods]72 patients with coronary heart disease in rehabilitation stage Ⅲ （not including variant angina pectoris） were collected from Grade A hospitals in Tianjin. 36 patients were randomly sampled and treated with aerobic exercise and strength exercise （ the observation group ） , and rest 36 patients were given single aerobic exercise （ the control group ）. By u- sing questionnaire survey, physical examination and rehabilitation exercise for 12 weeks, the differences in physiological indexes between the observation group and the control group were analyzed. [ Results] Under the equal loading conditions, the heart rate af- ter rehabilitation was significantly lower than that before rehabilitation with increasing exercise intensity. After rehabilitation, the heart rate of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group in high intensity exercise under the equal loading conditions （P 〈 0.05）. Mterl2 weeks of rehabilitation, the duration of incremental exercise test improved significantly { P 〈0.01 ）, and the improvement of exercise duration in the observation group was better than that in the control group significant- ly { P 〈 0.01 ）. The time for returning to relaxed state after rehabilitation was shorter than that before rehabilitation （ P 〈 0.01 ）, but the difference between two groups was not significant （ P 〉 0.05 ）. After rehabilitation, there was significant difference in power change of some muscles between two groups { P 〈 0.01 ）. There was significant difference in scores of life experience after 12 weeks of rehabilitation between two groups （P 〈 0.01 ）. [ Conclusion] The aerobic exercise combined with strength exercise is the safe and effective rehabilitation exercise prescription which is suitable for Chinese patients with coronary heart disease.