下肢深静脉血栓形成并发肺栓塞相关危险因素分析

Correlation risk factor analysis in pulmonary embolism in patients with deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities

目的探讨下肢深静脉血栓形成并发肺栓塞的相关影响因素。方法回顾性分析我院骨科2005年1月至2010年12月176例下肢深静脉血栓形成患者病史资料，并发肺栓塞31例，按照性别、年龄、合并症（肿瘤，糖尿病，高血脂症）、制动或行动不便、骨科疾病进行分组比较。结果两组在合并肿瘤、高龄、制动和骨科病情差异有统计学意义，是下肢深静脉血栓形成并发肺栓塞高危危险因素。结论对年龄〉60岁，合并肿瘤患者，长时间制动，以及关节科患者定期复查胸片或者CT，D-dimer，下肢行彩超检查，是发现下肢深静脉血栓形成，减少致死性肺栓塞发生的关键。

Objective To investigate the correlation risk factors of pulmonary embolism in pa- tients with deep venous thrombosis （DVT） of lower extremities. Methods The 176 cases of lower extremity DVT admitted in our hospital from January 2005 to December 2010 were researched retrospectively. Among them 31 cases were combined with pulmonary embolism, and the data were collected and compared among groups of different age, sex, complications （ tumor, diabetes, hyperlipidemia）, need for long-term bed rest, and orthopedic diseases. Results There was correlation between pulmonary embolism and influence factors including age ,tumor, bed rest and orthopedic disease. Conclusion For the cases older than 60 years old, or having tumor,long-term bed rest or joint replacement, it is advisable to apply chest X-Ray, CT, D- dimer and ultrasound in lower extremities at regular intervals, which can decrease the incidence of pulmo- nary embolism.