从“中国化”到“本土化”——台湾社会科学“中国化”运动的学术史考察

From “Sinicization” to “Localization”: An Investigation of the “Sinicization” Movement in Social Sciences in Taiwan from the Perspective of Academic History

上个世纪80年代初,台湾学术界曾掀起一场社会科学的"中国化"运动。这场运动最初由社会学、心理学和人类学的几位学者所发动,但很快便波及人文社会科学的各个领域,从而成为台湾现代史上最为重要的一次学术运动。由这场运动所提出的一系列重要学术论题,30多年来也一直是台湾学术界不断探索、讨论和争执的热点问题。更为重要的是,这场以"中国化"为目标的学术运动,后来在台湾社会各种政治与意识形态力量的强势介入下,又发生了由"中国化"向"本土化"的转变,并最终与政治社会领域的"本土化"运动产生某种交叉和重叠。本文从学术史的角度,旨在通过对这场学术运动的系统梳理与回顾,以厘清其发生、发展的具体过程,分析由"中国化"向"本土化"转变的内因外缘,并进而总结这场学术运动的学理性价值及其教训。

In early 1980s, a 'Sinicization' movement in social sciences was set off in the academic circle in Taiwan. It was first initiated by scholars of sociology, psychology and anthropology, but soon spread throughout the whole circle of social sciences and became the most important academic movement in modern Taiwan. Those important academic subjects brought out during the movement have been also the hot issues studied, discussed and argued continuously in Taiwan’s academic circle for the last 30 years. What’s more, this academic movement was later transformed from 'Sinicization' to 'localization' with the powerful intervene of various political and ideological forces in Taiwan society, and eventually intersected and overlapped with the 'localization' movement in social and political areas. From the perspective of academic history, this thesis is aimed to systematically examine the detailed process of the movement and to analyze the internal and external causes of its transformation from 'Sinicization' to 'localization' and furthermore to discuss its academic value and experience.