理解与说明——论人文科学方法论的重建

Understanding and Description——On the Reconstruction of The Humanities Methodology

自然科学、社会科学和人文科学的研究对象不同,决定了它们研究方法的区别。人文科学以人的精神世界为研究对象,这使得其研究方法具有特殊性。关于人文科学研究方法的争论主要有统一论、独立论和家族相似论。若要建立科学的方法论,必须既反对统一论和独立论的一刀切的研究方法,也要反对家族相似论的模糊不清的研究方法,要将理解——研究的主观方面和说明——研究对象的客观方面相结合作为其研究的主要方法。

The studies of natural sciences, social sciences and humanities, which determine their different research methods. Humanities make the spiritual world as their research subjects, which makes its research methods have their peculiarities. The debate on the Human Sciences Research unified Unionist,/ndependent and Family resemblance theory. We must not only oppose Unionist and Independent, but also against Family resemblance theory, to establish a scientific methodology. We should combine understanding - the subjective aspects of the object and description - the objective aspect of the object as the main method of research.