半夏的数量性状变异及相关性分析

Study on Variation and Correlation Analysis of Quantitative Character of Pinellia ternata

目的:通过对半夏的8个主要数量性状的变异系数、相关性进行分析,探索出各性状之间的相互关系,为研究半夏种质的群体变异及高产优质半夏品种的培育提供一定的理论依据。方法:以144株遂宁栽培半夏、76株温江栽培半夏及163株峨眉山野生半夏为种质材料,对每株半夏的主叶长、主叶宽、主叶长宽比、珠芽位置(块茎到珠芽的距离)、株高、块茎直径、地下部分(茎在地下部分的长度)、地上部分(茎在地上部分的长度)等8个数量性状进行测量和统计分析。结果:野生和栽培半夏主叶长宽比、珠芽位置的变异数均较其他性状大,且峨眉山野生半夏性状的变异数普遍高于栽培半夏;温江和遂宁半夏珠芽位置的变异系数差异较大,其它性状的变异系数差异较小;通过相关性分析表明,半夏各性状间存在广泛的显著相关性,不管是栽培半夏还是峨眉山野生半夏叶形的变化、珠芽位置、块茎直径之间是密切相关的。结论:半夏在野生状态下变异的可能性更大,栽培半夏性状的稳定性高于野生半夏;不同环境下的栽培半夏的变异系数除珠芽位置的变异较大外,其余性状的差异并不大,建立半夏GAP基地能有效的解决半夏资源上及市场需求的问题,也可提高半夏质量与产量的稳定性。

Objective： ternata and the cultivation of P. In order to provide a theoretical basis for population variation research of Pinellia ternata with high yield and good quality characteristics, the variation coefficient and the correlation of eight main quantitative traits were analyzed to explore the interrelationship between different characters. Methods： Eight quantitative characters of P. ternata cultivated germplasm from SuiNing （ 144 plants）, Wenjiang （＇/6 plants） and wild germplasm from E Mei mountain （163 plants） were determined and statistically analyzed including main leaf length, main leaf width, the ratio of length and width of main leaf, bulbil position （distance from tuber to bulbil） ; plant height, tuber diameter, underground part （length of stem underground） and the ground part （length of stem upground ）. Results： The results showed that the coefficient of variation of bulbil position, the ratio of length and width are higher than that of other characters and the coefficient of variation of wild P. ternata from E Mei mountain was higher than that of cultivated P. ternata. Through analyzing the correlation between eight quantitative characters, it was showed that a wide range of significant correlation among these characters, whether cultivated or wild P. ternata, changes in the leaf shapes, bulbil position, tuber diameter of P. ternata were closely rated. Conclusion： Cultivated P. ternata are more stable than wild one. Except bulbil position, no obvious differences in variation coefficient were observed between cultivated P. ternata from different environment. So it could effectively improve the stability of quality and yield of P. ternata for establishing GAP base of P. ternata.