含花青素及甘草酸的中药提取物对豚鼠气管松弛作用的比较

Comparison of relaxant effects of Chinese herbal medicine extracts containing anthocyanins and glycyrrhizic acid in isolated guinea pig trachea

目的:研究含有花青素及甘草酸的几种中药提取物对豚鼠离体气管条的舒张作用。方法:制备豚鼠的离体气管条,检测18个受试提取物对气管条静息状态下基础张力作用、对组胺及乙酰胆碱引起的收缩反应的拮抗作用,并对有效提取物进行量效关系分析。结果:在18个受试提取物中,35%黑加仑提取物、15%黑豆皮花青素、30%黑豆皮花青素、黑豆皮原花青素、越橘提取物、红豆越橘提取物、甘草酸单铵盐、甘草次酸、甘草酸二钾盐、甘草甜素R19、甘草黄酮、银杏黄酮对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌在组胺和乙酰胆碱所致收缩具有舒张作用,而其中35%黑加仑提取物、黑豆皮原花青素对上述活性具有剂量依赖性,而甘草甜素R19和甘草酸单铵盐对组胺、红豆越橘提取物对乙酰胆碱所致的收缩具有剂量依赖的选择性舒张活性。结论:以上中药提取物对豚鼠离体气管条具有舒张作用,可能具有平喘活性。

Objective：To compare the relaxant effects of several kinds of Chinese herbal medicine extracts containing anthocyanins and glycyrrhizic acid in isolated guinea pig trachea. Methods： Effects of 18 extracts on the resting tension, contractile response to histamine （His） and acetylcholine （Ach） were observed in tracheal rings i- solated from guinea pigs. The linear correlation of dose-effect relationships of the effective extracts was analyzed. Results：Among the 18 extracts, 35% black currant P.E. extract, 15% black soybean hull P. E. anthocyanidins, 30% black soybean hull P.E. anthocyanidins, black soybean hull P. E. proanthocyanidins, bilberry extract, ling- onberry extract, glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt, glycyrrhetinic acid, dipotassium glyeyrrhetate, glycyrrhizin, gly- cyrrhizic flavone, and ginkgo biloba P. E. , had spasmolytic effects on His- or Ach-induced contraction in isolated guinea pig trachea, in which 35% black currant P. E. extract and black soybean hull P. E. proanthocyanidins were dose-dependent. Glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt and glycyrrhizin had a dose-dependent selective vasodilating effect on His-induced contraction, and lingonberry extract had the effect on Ach-induced contraction. Conclu- sions： The above Chinese herbal medicine extracts have relaxant effects in isolated guinea pig trachea; they may have anti-asthmatic activity.