西南地区连年干旱气象地理原因分析及应对措施建议

The meteorological and geographical reasons and countermeasures for the successive-year droughts in Southwest China

近几年,我国西南地区连年干旱,引发社会的广泛关注。西南地区干旱灾害具有受灾面积大、影响范围广、持续时间长、部分地区连年受灾以及因旱农村饮水困难突出和农业因旱成灾率高、损失大等特点。从地理和气象角度分析,西南地区连年干旱灾害是受降水时空分布不均和持续高温少雨天气的影响,以及地形、地质和地貌的特殊性和复杂性所致。建议今后从加强水源工程建设、节约用水、提高水资源利用率以及完善抗旱非工程措施等几个方面提高该地区的抗旱能力。

In recent years, severe droughts hit the Southwest China successively, triggering wide concern m society. The droughts in Southwest are characterized with large areas, wide impacted, long duration and repeated occurrence. Moreover, the droughts brought predicament for humans and livestock in drinking fresh water, and the agriculture was one of the most severely impacted sections. From the meteorological and geographical view, the successive-year droughts in Southwest was caused by the uneven space-time distribution in this region, the continued high temperature and less precipitation weather pattern, and the complexity and particularity of the terrain, of water geomorphology and geology. Hence, we suggest some countermeasures, such as strengthen the construction sources projects, promote water-saving and water resources utilization rate, complete the non-engineering measure, and so on.