基于土地分类的机场噪声评价限值标准比较

Method Based on Land Use Category for Comparison of Airport-Noise-Assessment Threshold Criteria

现行的机场噪声评价方法众多,其限值标准各不相同。针对限值标准间难以相互比较这一问题,提出了一种基于土地使用分类的比较方法。将受机场噪声影响的区域按照土地使用类型划分为3类,结合不同评价方法的特点,将限值标准统一到一致的土地使用类型。定义限值区间和土地使用类型的关系,进而通过计算并比较同类型土地所占面积实现不同限值标准的比较。基于某大型繁忙机场的实例得出记权等效连续感觉噪声级(WECPNL)限值标准最严,澳大利亚噪声暴露预报(ANEF)次之,昼夜平均噪声级(DNL)最为宽松。限值标准过严不利于实施,建议将WECPNL限值标准下限调整为74 dB,上限调整为80 dB。验证结果表明通过土地使用分类对不同机场噪声评价限值标准进行比较的方法切实可行。

Many noise-assessment methods for airport are used and their threshold criteria are different from each other. A new method based on land use category was proposed to resolve the difficulty of comparison of these threshold criteria. The land around airport was classified into three categories according to use type. Various major threshold criteria were analyzed, and reunified by land use category. The relationship between threshold criteria and land use category was defined. Comparison of different threshold criteria was accomplished by comparing the area of land. Case study showed the threshold criterion for Weighted Equivalent Continuous Perceived Noise Level （WECPNL） was the most rigorous, followed by Australia Noise Exposure Forecast（ANEF）, and Day-Night Average Noise Level（DNL） was the most lenient. To make WECPNL threshold criteria more effective, the minimum of it is suggested to adjust to 74 dB, and the maximum to 80 dB. Results showed the method based on land use category for comparison of different airport-noise-assessmenl threshold criteria is feasible.