福建早稻主栽品种(组合)抗瘟性鉴定及其影响因素

Resistance identification of the early rice leading varieties in Fujian against blast disease and the factors concerned

对福建省 2 2个早稻主栽品种进行了 2 a苗期人工接种鉴定、抗谱分析和对叶瘟和穗颈瘟的鉴定 .综合评定为抗病的品种有福优 77、南保早、闽岩糯和中抗组合汕优 82 ,占鉴定主栽品种的 18.18% ;中感以上品种18个 ,占鉴定主栽品种的 81.82 % ,其栽培面积占 1997年福建省早稻面积的 57.2 4 % ,为稻瘟病大流行提供了最主要的基本条件 .对影响病圃准确鉴定品种抗瘟性的气象和栽培因素作了分析 ,提出了福建省育种中存在的问题和抗病育种途径 .

Twenty two early rice leading varieties in Fujian were subjected to artificial inoculation identification at seedling stage, spectrum analysis of resistance and identifications of leaf blast and neck blast for two years. According to the evaluation, the resistant varieties were Fuyou 77, Nanbaozao, Minyannuo and moderately resistant Shanyou 82, which accounted for 18.18% of the tested varieties, while the other 18 varieties were susceptible and accounted for 81.82%. The cultivation area of susceptible varieties covered 57.24% of early rice area in Fujian in 1997, which was the principal condition for rice blast disease pandemic. Meanwhile, meteorological and cultivation factors affecting the accuracy of variety resistance identification in disease nursery were discussed and the strateyg for breeding resistant varieties was suggested.