闽江流域洪灾与生态环境脆弱性研究

A Study on Floodwater and Fragility of Environment in Minjiang Valley

通过收集和分析大量闽江流域气象、地质、土壤、水文和森林资源等资料 ,揭示了闽江流域自然地理环境和森林生态系统的脆弱性。地形落差大 ,降水集中且强度大 ,花岗岩发育的土层易遭侵蚀 ,红壤分布区抗冲蚀性弱 ,长柄状扇形水系 ,峡谷与盆谷相间排列 ,利于汇水 ,不利于排水。特别是森林生态系统的退化 ,保土蓄水、阻洪滞洪能力下降 ,加上人类不合理的活动 ,加剧了水土流失的强度 ,使河床抬高 ,堤防脆弱 ,流域蓄洪行洪能力降低 ,是福建省自然灾害 (特别是洪灾 )频发地区之一。

HJ4/9]Minjiang valley is a fragile area in natural geography environment and forest ecological ecosystem according to lots of data of meteorology, geology, soil and hydrology, huge drop in topography, strong precipitation, easily eroded soil growing from granite, fragility to defend erosion in red soil area, water system of long handle sector and alternate with arrange canyon and basin vale benefit for collection water, and go against drain. The ability decline of defending soil and sluicing water, and hinder flood and flood detention for the degeneration of forest ecosystem. In consequent activity of people pick up water and soil loss, riverbed drive up, embankment fragility, ability of store flood water and row flood reduce. All of them make its natural calamity (especially floodwater) frequent.