杂交水稻蛋白质含量配合力和遗传力分析

Combining ability and heritability analysis for protein content in hybrid rice

选用１１个不育系、１３个恢复系以不完全双列杂交模式设计，进行杂交水稻组合的蛋白质含量测定及配合力、遗传力分析。结果表明杂交水稻不育系、恢复系蛋白质含量的σｇｃａ和σｓｃａ均达极显著，且受加性和非加性的多基因控制，非加性基因效应大于加性基因效应，育种值较小，即亲本的高蛋白质含量难于通过杂交遗传下去。杂交组合的ＳＣＡ效应值绝大多数为负值、非加性基因效应小，难于显示杂种优势。参配的不育系中， ０９１Ａ、 Ⅱ－３２Ａ、 Ｋ１７Ａ、 汕 Ａ蛋白质含量 ＧＣＡ和 ＳＣＡ的效应值大，是杂交水稻蛋白质育种的理想不育系。密阳 ４６、桂９９、 １５３９蛋白质含量的ＧＣＡ效应值大，是杂交水稻蛋白质育种的理想恢复系。 ＣＤＲ２２、多系１号、６０７８、明恢６３、明恢７７、沪恢５７、７０４蛋白质含量的ＳＣＡ值较高，以其配组有可能产生高蛋白组合，也是杂交水稻蛋白质育种的较好恢复系。

The combining ability and heritability of protein content in hybrid rice were analysed with incomplete diallel cross design. The results were as follows: σgca and σsca of protein content for hybrid rice sterile lines and fertile lines were highly significant. Nonadditive effect was more obvious than additive effect because the effects of additive genes, nonadditive genes and the breeding value of nonadditive effect were small. The parents' protein content had low heritability. The maiority of SCA of hybrid crosses were negative, nonadditive effects were also small, which showed low heterosis. of all materials, GCA and SCA of protein content for 091A, Ⅱ-32A, K17A and Shan A were very high, so they might be ideal sterile lines, GCA of protein content of Miyang 46, Gui99 and 15139 were very high, they might be ideal fertile lines. CDR22, Duoxi 1, 6078, Minghui63, Minghui77, Luhui56 and 704 had higher SCA for protein content. Hybird crosses with high protein content might be bred from them, and they were also better restoring lines in protein breding.