液相化学还原法制备分散稳定的纳米铜溶胶

Synthesis of Stable and Disperse Copper Nanoparticles Colloids via Solution Chemical Reduction

以硫酸铜为铜源,水合肼为还原剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为保护剂,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为分散剂,采用液相化学还原法制备纳米铜溶胶。通过单因素法考察了体系的反应温度、PVP用量、CTAB用量和水合肼浓度等对纳米铜溶胶合成的影响,获得制备高分散稳定纳米铜溶胶的适宜条件。纳米铜溶胶通过紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和透射电镜(TEM)表征,而铜纳米粒子(CuNPs)则通过红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和热分析(TG)检测。研究结果表明:纳米铜溶胶具有较高的稳定性;CuNPs的粒径分布为10～30nm,其表面吸附有少量的保护剂PVP,有利于防止CuNPs的团聚及氧化,使其具有良好的分散性。

Copper nanoparticles （CuNPs） colloid was synthesized via solution chemical reduction method, using cupric sulfate as a copper resource, hydrazine hydrate as reducing agent, poly（N-vinylpyrrolidone） （PVP） as protec- tive agent, and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide （CTAB） as dispersing agent. The influences of reaction tempera- ture, PVP dosage, CTAB amount, and hydrazine hydrate concentration on the synthesis of CuNPs colloids were in- vestigated, and a optimum condition for the synthesis of a highly stable and disperse copper nanoparticles colloid was thus obtained. The CuNPs colloid was characterized by UV-Vis and TEM, and the CuNPs were analyzed by KTIR, XRD and TG. Results show that the CuNPs colloid has a high dispersion stability. The CuNPs have a particle size of 10-30 nm. A small amount of PVP was adsorbed on the surfaces of the CuNPs, which could prevent the CuNPs from aggregation and oxidation.