女性尿路感染的病原学调查及耐药性分析

Etiological investigation of female urinary tract infection and resistance analysis

目的调查分析2010年1月～2012年1月确诊的尿路感染患者主要病原学构成及耐药性分析。方法2010年1月～2012年1月确诊的尿路感染患者120例,共获得阳性菌株100株,调查分析确诊的尿路感染患者主要菌群的构成及耐药性。结果 100株尿路感染菌群中革兰阴性菌共79株,占79.0%;革兰阳性菌共16株,占16.0%;真菌共4株,占4.0%;其他共1株,占1.0%。79株革兰阴性菌株中,以大肠埃希菌构成比为最高(占62.0%)、其次为克雷伯菌(占6.0%)、阴沟肠杆菌占4.0%。100株尿路感染菌群中革兰阳性菌共6株,占16.0%,其中以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌所占构成比为最高(占7.0%)。4株真菌中,对氟康唑耐药的菌株达1株,占25.0%,其余均未见对酮康唑、益康唑、制霉菌素、两性霉素及伊曲康唑耐药菌株。大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南耐药率为0,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌对头孢吡肟、亚胺培南耐药率最低。结论对女性尿道感染患者的病原菌及其耐药性进行监测,及时了解病原菌的种类及耐药性变化,对指导合理选用抗生素、减少药物耐药性具有重要的临床意义。

Objective To investigate the main etiology composition and resistance of urinary tract infections in patients confirmed in January 2010-January 2012. Methods From January 2010 to January 2012 in 120 patients diagnosed urinary tract infection, a total of 100 positive strains were collected. Results Gram-negative bacteria flora 100 urinary tract infection of 79, accounting for 79.0%, leather 16 Gram-positive bacteria, accounting for 16.0%, fungal total of four, accounting for 4.0%, the other one, accounting for 1.0%. 79 Gram-negative strains Escherichia coli constituent ratio is the highest （62.0%）, followed by Klebsiella （6.0%）, accounting for 4.0% of Enterobacter cloacae. 100 urinary tract infections flora Gram-positive bacteria, six, accounting for 16.0%, coagulase-negative staphylococci share consti- tutes the highest ratio （7.0%）. Four fungal strains resistant to fluconazole one, accounting for 25.0%, and the rest were no ketoconazole, econazole, nystatin, amphotericin and itraconazole resistant strains. Escherichia coli, coagulase-nega- tire staphylococci imipenem resistance rate was 0 cefepime, imipenem resistance rate. Conclusion Pathogens and drug resistance monitoring, timely understanding of the types of pathogens and resistance changes in female patients with urinary tract infections, can guide the rational use of antibiotics and reduce drug resistance, has important clinical sig- nificance.