喉乳头状瘤患儿家长疾病认知水平及心理状态调查分析

Investigation of laryngeal papilloma parents＇ disease cognitive level and psychological state

目的了解喉乳头状瘤患儿家长对此疾病的认知水平及其心理健康状况，使其及时发现疾病的危急征象带患儿来院就诊，保证患儿的安全，明确家长现存的或潜在的护理问题，为临床的心理干预提供健康指导。方法采用自行设计的疾病认知水平问卷及症状自评量表（SCL-90），对50例家长进行调查。自行设计问卷的内部一致性信度为0．876，内容效度为0．91。结果低文化程度与高文化程度的家长对疾病的认知水平存在显著的差异性，随文化程度的增高而增高；患儿人院后当天进行手术的占60．24％，症状为憋气、呼吸费力；1～3d进行手术的占28．40％，症状为声音嘶哑、出现喉鸣音；3d以上进行手术的占11．36％，症状为声音嘶哑。患儿家长SCL-90各项因子分均高于国内常模，除躯体化因子外，其他各因子评分差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论患儿家长疾病认知水平与其文化程度存在一定的关系，随文化程度的增高而增高，对疾病的危急特性认识不足，患儿家长存在较多的心理健康问题，尤其是焦虑、人际关系敏感、抑郁等方面更显著。

Objective To understand laryngeal papilloma parents＇ cognitive level of the disease and psychological health, in order to promote parents timely find disease with emergency signs of children and ensure the safety of children, and provide evidence for clinical psychological intervention. Methods The self-designed questionnaire and cognitive level disease symptoms self rating scale （ SCL-90 ） were used and 50 patients were investigated. The internal consistency reliability of the questionnaire was O. 876 ,and content validity was O. 91. Results Significant difference was found in patients with different degree of culture to different disease cognitive level. After admission, children received the surgery on the day accounted for 60. 24%, the children with symptoms of labored breathing, breathing arduous. The children who received the surgery after 1 -3 days accounted for 28.40%, and the symptoms of children at that time were voice hoarse, appear throat singing sound. The children received the surgery more than 3 days accounted for 11.36%. SCL-90 scores of the parents were significantly higher than those of the domestic norm except somatization factors （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions The disease cognitive level of parents should be improved, which was related to their culture degree, and they have many mental health problems, especially anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, and so on.