改进心脏外科术后患者液体出入量管理的效果

Improved management of the intake and output in patients after cardiac surgery

目的探讨心脏外科病房患者出入量管理改进的护理效果。方法将2011年3月出入量管理改进前87例手术患者作为对照组，将2012年3月改进后83例手术患者作为观察组，比较两组术后出入量、利尿次数、补液相关并发症及术后住院时间等。结果观察组3d内入量波动平均值为（596±217）ml，平均每人夜间利尿次数为（0．7±0．6）次，首次下床活动时间为术后（2．7±2．6）d；对照组分别为（762±225）ml，（1．2±0．6）次，（3．9±2．1）d，两组比较差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为4．891，5．431，3．312；P〈0．05）；而相关并发症如脱水、咳泡沫痰两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论细化量化出入量管理，制定可操作性强的出入量管理计划，改进时间安排，可以有效促进患者康复，有效减少护士夜间输液利尿及预防被动处理相关并发症．提高护碑工作的条殚件和工作效率．

Objective To explore the effects of the improved management of the intake and output on the nursing in the cardiac surgery ward. Methods Totals of 87 patients hospitalized in March 2011 before the improvement of intake and output management were chose as the control group, and 83 patients hospitalized in March 2012 after the improvement were recruited as the observation group. Then, compared the intake and output after surgery, the times of using diuretics, complications of fluid infusion and the time in hospital after surgery. Results Compared with the control group, the average volume of intake and output in 3 days after surgery [ （596 ±217） vs （762 ±225） ml], the times of using diuretics in night [ （0.7 ±0.6） vs （1.2±0.6） times ], the off bed time [ （2.7 ±2.6 ） vs （ 3.9 ±2.1 ） days ] in observation group were significantly improved （t =4. 891,5. 431,3. 312,respeetively;P 〈0.05 ）. There was no significant difference between the two groups in complications such as dehydration and frothy sputum （P 〉 0. 05 ）. Conclusions After detailing the management of intake and output, the management plan is quantified and maneuverable, which promote the recovery of patients efficiently, decrease the frequency of using diuretics during the night and the relevant complications, and make the nursing work more methodical and efficient.