优质护理病房护士工作压力源及其应对方式调查分析

A survey on sources of work pressure and coping ways of nurses in high quality nursing ward

目的了解优质护理病房护士的工作压力源及其应对方式,为护理管理者采取有效措施减轻其工作压力提供依据。方法采用自行设计的优质护理病房护士工作压力源调查问卷和护士应对方式调查表对福建医科大学附属协和医院100名护士进行调查。结果 (1)优质护理病房护士工作压力主要来源于"护理服务模式要求方面"、"绩效考核方面"、"护理服务方面"(得分分别为4.12±0.72、4.02±0.90、3.98±1.00分)。(2)不同职称优质护理病房护士工作压力积极应对方式及消极应对方式差异均无统计学意义(分别为F=0.32、P=0.12,F=0.73、P=0.89)。(3)不同文化程度及工龄优质护理病房护士工作压力积极应对方式差异均有统计学意义(分别为F=4.84、P=0.03,F=4.17、P=0.04),消极应对方式差异亦均有统计学意义(分别为F=3.85、P=0.04,F=3.33、P=0.04)。结论护理管理者应针对相关压力源,采取相应的对策促使优质护理病房护士在面对工作压力时采用积极的应对方式以及减轻他们的工作压力。

Objective To learn about the sources of work pressure and the coping ways of nurses in high quality nursing ward so as to take effective measures and relieve or eliminate the work pressure for the nursing managers of hospital. Methods A total of 100 nurses in high quality nursing ward of the affiliated union hospital of Fujian Medical University were investigated with the job stressors scale and coping style questionnaire of self- designed. Results （ 1 ） The major sources of work pressure of nurses in high quality nursing ward were the nursing service pattern, performance appraisal and nursing service（4. 12 ±0.72, 4.02 ±0.90, 3.98 ±1.00 points, respectively）. （2） There were no significant differences in the scores of positive coping and negative coping among nurses with different professional title in high quality nursing ward （ F = 0. 32, P = 0. 12, F = 0. 73, P = 0. 89 respectively）. （3）There were significant differences in the scores of positive copingamong nurses with cultural degree in high quality nursing ward （ F = 4. 84, P = 0. 03, F = 4.17, P = 0.04 respectively）, and in the scores of positive coping （F=3.85, P =0. 04, F =3.33, P --0. 04 respectively）. Conclusions The nursing managers of hospital should pay attention to the sources of work pressure and take effective measures to help the nurses in high quality nursing ward to adopt positive coping styles and reduce work pressure.