声致发光气泡内的气体热力学性质

Thermodynamic property of gases in the sonoluminescing bubble

利用统计物理处理化学反应的理论（质量作用定理），半定量地分析了惰性气体（单原子分子气体）和双原子分子气体在小气泡内不同的热力学性质。尽管在气泡内单原子分子和双原子分子气体都将在被压缩时产生冲击波，引起压强的急剧增大和温度升高，但由于在过程中双原子分子气体除要激发振动外，还要化学分解成为单原子分子气体，因此消耗很多积聚的热能，影响温度的进一步上升，最终无法产生大量电离的带电粒子去发光。这可能就是双原子分子气体气泡不能引起声致发光，而惰性气体气泡则能发光的原因。

With the theory of statistical physics dealing with chemical reaction (the law of mass action), we analyzedifferent thermodynamic property of noble gases (mono-atomic gases) in a small bubble and diatomic gases in a smallbubble semi-quantitatively. As bubbles of the mono-atomic and the diatomic gases are compressed, shock waves areproduced in both bubbles. Though shock wave leads to sharp increase of pressure and temperature of gases in the bubble,diatomic gas will excitated vibrations and dissociate themselves to mono-atomic gas? these processes will consume manyaccumulated heat energy and block the further increase of the temperature. Therefore, compare with the mono-atomicgases in the bubble, there will be no enough charged particles ionized to flash for diatomic gases in the bubble, this maybe the reason why a bubble of diatomic gases has no single bubble sonoluminescence while a bubble of noble gases has.