基于二元水循环的灌区分布式水文模型的应用研究

Research on distributed hydrological model for irrigation area based on the theory of dual-cycling water resources

针对中国北方灌区的水文特点,在二元水循环理论的指导下,对自然流域水文模型SWAT进行了改进,构建了灌区分布式水文模型,改进了SWAT模型的灌溉水运动模块、稻田水分循环模块、稻田水量平衡各要素和产量模拟的计算方法,增加了渠系渗漏模拟模块等。以河南省人民胜利渠灌区为例,利用改进的SWAT模型对该灌区的水循环过程进行了模拟。为验证模型的有效性,选用Nash-Suttclife效率系数(纳西效率系数)E、线性回归系数R2来评估模型在校准和验证过程中的模拟效果。结果表明:该模型适合灌区水分循环的模拟。模型的构建和改进,对分布式水文模型在高强度人类活动影响区域的水资源、水环境研究和管理起到积极的作用,为灌溉水文学提供了新的研究方法。

Based on the theory of dual-cycling water resources, the irrigation water movement module, command loop of land phase of hydrological cycle, paddy field water balance module in SWAT model and the calculation method of rice yield were improved to establish a new distributed hydrological model on the basis of SWAT. The module of canal seepage was added to further improve the new model. The updated model was applied to analyze hydrological cycle for Renminshengli irrigation area in Henan Province. The model was calibrated and validated by E and R2 . The result indicates that the improved SWAT model is well adapt to the simulation of water cycling. The improved model can be applied to water resources and water environment of the area with strong human activities, and a new method is supplied for irrigation hydrology.