枸骨与小果十大功劳的叶形态-脉序鉴别特征

Identification Characters of Leaf Morphological and Venation Pattern of Ilex cornuta with Its Confused Herb Mahonia bodinieri

为寻找枸骨叶与其易混淆品小果十大功劳叶的主要鉴别特征,建立LMVP(叶形态-脉序图谱鉴别法,结果显示:两者在叶形态和脉序方面的主要特征存在明显区别。枸骨叶的主要特征为:具短柄;类长方形、矩圆状长方形、椭圆形、卵形,偶近圆形;脉序类型为达缘-环结-半达缘混合羽状脉序、环结羽状脉序或环结-半达缘混合羽状脉序;基生二级脉≤2条;网眼多由一至三级脉围成,形状大小不一,较大,直径2～9mm。小果十大功劳小叶的主要特征:无小叶柄;长卵形、卵状披针形、卵形或近圆形;脉序类型为环结-半达缘混合羽状脉序或半达缘羽状脉序;基生二级脉≥3条;网眼由一至四级脉围成,形状为四至六边形或三角形,大小形状较规则,较小,直径0.4～0.8mm。以上述5组区别点为指标,鉴别结果的正确性ηac=98.2%～100%;重复性为符合率ηaro=98.2%～99.6%,一致性强度Kappa=0.96～0.99。可见,建立的"叶形态-脉序图谱鉴别法"可准确地区别枸骨叶与小果十大功劳叶以及它们的饮片(丝)。该法具有操作简便、快速、价廉、可靠性强等特点。

To study the identification characters of Ilex cornuta and its confused herb Mahonia bodinieri and to establish an identification method. LMVP （leaf morphological-venation pattern for identification Chinese herbs）,and QAERM （quantitatively analyze and evaluating reliability for the method of identification Chinese herbs） were applied for the study. There exsist distinct differences between leaf morphological and venation of the two kinds. The main features of the leaf of Ilex cornuta.it is of short petiole with different shapes like subrectangle, oblong-rectangle, elliptical, ovate, occasionally suborbicular. The venation shapes,such as craspedodromous-brochidodromous-semieraspedodromous pinnate,brochidodro- mous pinnate,and brochidodromous-semicraspedodromous pinnate,differ from the basal secondary veins numbering 42. The areoles are formed by veins from primary vein to tertiary vein,their shapes and size were various,big-sized with a diameter about 2-9 mm. The main features of the leaflets of Mahonia bodinieri.it is of no petiolule,and the shapes are long-ovate,ovate-lanceolate,ovate or suborbicular. The venation differ from brochidodromous-semicraspedodromous pinnate to semicraspedodrom-ous pinnate with the basal secondary vein numbering ≥3. The areoles are formed by veins from primary vein to quaternary vein with different shapes like quadrilateral, pentagon, hexagon or triangle. They are regular in size and shapes,but small in size with a diameter about 0.4-0.8 mm. With key differences of the 5 men- tioned groups, both plants and their velvet herbal pieces could be successfully identified from each other. The accuracy of identification results （Ae） was from 98. 2% to 100% ,the repeatability of identification results.agreement rate for observation （ARO） was from 98.2% to 99.6% and Kappa value was from 0. 96 to 0. 99. The established method is simple,rapid,economic and reliable.