从历史维度审视作为哲学范畴的价值

Analyzing Values as Philosophy from Historical Dimensions

国内学术界对作为哲学范畴的价值的研究,大都是一种静力学的或曰静态的考察。这种研究方式不符合马克思"历史地思"的运思特点,遮蔽了价值的历史展现性质,从而妨碍了对其本真性的揭示。按照马克思的运思方式,只有把价值范畴当作一种历史的规定加以追问,才是恰当的。价值同理性的分裂不过是一个历史的现象或事实,它在本质上属于现代维度。"价值"被作为一个自觉的问题提出,意味着价值同理性的分裂及其对立已然在历史基础层面实际地发生了。从历史上看,价值理想是一把"双刃剑",它提供批判的尺度,要求"从后思索",但若脱离了历史基础,就有可能沦为"乌托邦",从而酿成历史悲剧。

The analysis of values in philosophical sphere in China is mostly from a static perspective. This kind of study does not accord with the characteristic of Marx＇ s ＂historical thinking＂, so covering the nature of value＇ s historical property and preventing the reveal of the authenticity of values. According to the way of thinking of Marx, it is appropriate that value should be regarded as a historical concomitant. The division between value and reason is merely a historical phenomenon or fact, and this phenomenon or fact only belongs to the modernity. The event that value was proposed as a conscious issue means the split and opposition between value and reason actually happening in history. If the ideals of value separate from the historical basis, they may become ＂utopia＂ and causing historical tragedies.