范式转换与体系重构——对当代价值哲学的再反思

Change of Paradigms and Reconstruction of Systems ——Reflections on Modern Philosophy of Values

经过30余年的发展,价值哲学基本建立了以主客体关系视域下的"满足需要说"为基础的理论体系。但是这种理论体系陷入无法自洽的界定价值、无法解释人之存在的意义的困境,惟有彻底改换思维方式才能打破这一僵局。为此,视价值为超验之物,价值乃是人之二重化存在的必然结果,价值通过规范制约人的选择从而使得有价值者显现。但人性是随社会实践的改变而变化,人的选择实质是对人性的选择。以此理论构建新的价值哲学体系要面向生活世界,以缓解由对物的依赖而产生的精神虚无。

After the development of over 30 years, the theory of the philosophy of values has been set up on the basis of ＂meet the needs from the perspective of the relations between subject and object. But this kind of theory cannot offer a consistent definition of values and explain the significance of human existence. To break this deadlock, the mode of thinking must be changed. Therefore values are supposed to be something transcendental. It is an inevitable result of the double existence of human beings. It restricts people＇ s choice through specification to make things valuable to appear. The new construction of value philosophy with this theoretical basis shall face the reality to alleviate the spiritual emptiness.