中国新文学史学科的反思与重建

Reflections and Reconstruction of the Discipline of Chinese New Literature History

中国新文学史学科真正创建于1950年,它是一种国家行为。创建之初它显示的功能则是利多弊少,即利于书写中国新文学或现代文学史,利于新民主主义革命文学史的建构,利于突出新文学系统中左翼文学的主导地位和轴心价值,利于国家主流话语对中国新文学史研究或书写的政治诉求的实现,也利于满足研究主体或接受主体对中国新文学的教与学的热切期待;若是遵循实事求是的思想路线去研究或书写,它不失为一种开创性的新文学史叙述模式。但是随着政治生态的变幻,完全把新文学史的研究或书写纳入"兴无灭资"的大批判框架,直至"文革",使新文学史学的弊端完全暴露。经过"拨乱反正"使本学科的功能得到恢复,并以人本思想或现代性意识取代了新民主主义政治理论;然而本学科固有的时空维度的局限性却始终不能解决,惟有重建现代中国文学史学科才能拓展文学史研究并书写现代中国的大文学史。

The discipline of Chinese new literature history was really founded in 1950 and it is a national behavior. At the beginning , it showed less profitable, that is to say, it is conducive to the writing of Chinese new literature and modern literature history. The construction for the new democratic revolution in the history of literature, the protruding of dominant position and axis value of left -wing literature in the new literary system, the realization of political aspirations of national mainstream discourse in studying and writing Chinese new literature history, the meet of the earnest anticipation of study subject and acceptance subject in the teaching and learning Chinese new literature. If following the thought based on facts to research and write, it is a kind of new literature history narrative mode. But as the political situation changed, the researches and writings of new literature history were completely brought into the criticism framework： ＂the revitalization of the proletariat and elimination of the bourgeoisie＂. Until the end of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, the drawback of new literature history completely exposed. After ＂ bringing order out of the chaos ＂ , the subject function was restored, and replace the new democratic political theory with humanistic thought or consciousness of modernity.